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/usr/lib/swi-prolog/library/isub.pl
All Application Manual Name SummaryHelp

  • swi-prolog
    • library
      • filesex.pl -- Extended operations on files
      • predicate_options.pl -- Access and analyse predicate options
      • shlib.pl -- Utility library for loading foreign objects (DLLs, shared objects)
      • doc_http.pl -- Documentation server
      • pldoc.pl -- Process source documentation
      • debug.pl -- Print debug messages and test assertions
      • lists.pl -- List Manipulation
      • apply.pl -- Apply predicates on a list
      • operators.pl -- Manage operators
      • error.pl -- Error generating support
      • pairs.pl -- Operations on key-value lists
      • option.pl -- Option list processing
      • prolog_source.pl -- Examine Prolog source-files
      • socket.pl -- Network socket (TCP and UDP) library
      • thread_pool.pl -- Resource bounded thread management
      • gensym.pl -- Generate unique symbols
      • settings.pl -- Setting management
      • arithmetic.pl -- Extensible arithmetic
      • broadcast.pl -- Event service
      • sgml.pl -- SGML, XML and HTML parser
      • quasi_quotations.pl -- Define Quasi Quotation syntax
      • uri.pl -- Process URIs
      • url.pl -- Analysing and constructing URL
      • www_browser.pl -- Open a URL in the users browser
      • prolog_colour.pl -- Prolog syntax colouring support.
      • record.pl -- Access compound arguments by name
      • prolog_xref.pl -- Prolog cross-referencer data collection
      • occurs.pl -- Finding and counting sub-terms
      • ordsets.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • assoc.pl -- Binary associations
      • ugraphs.pl -- Graph manipulation library
      • readutil.pl -- Read utilities
      • xpath.pl -- Select nodes in an XML DOM
      • iostream.pl -- Utilities to deal with streams
      • atom.pl -- Operations on atoms
      • porter_stem.pl
      • solution_sequences.pl -- Modify solution sequences
      • prolog_pack.pl -- A package manager for Prolog
      • prolog_config.pl -- Provide configuration information
      • process.pl -- Create processes and redirect I/O
      • git.pl -- Run GIT commands
      • ctypes.pl -- Character code classification
      • time.pl -- Time and alarm library
      • utf8.pl -- UTF-8 encoding/decoding on lists of character codes.
      • base64.pl -- Base64 encoding and decoding
      • sha.pl -- SHA secure hashes
      • crypt.pl
      • persistency.pl -- Provide persistent dynamic predicates
      • memfile.pl
      • pure_input.pl -- Pure Input from files and streams
      • nb_set.pl -- Non-backtrackable sets
      • xsdp_types.pl -- XML-Schema primitive types
      • uuid.pl -- Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) Library
      • pcre.pl -- Perl compatible regular expression matching for SWI-Prolog
      • aggregate.pl -- Aggregation operators on backtrackable predicates
      • rdf_write.pl -- Write RDF/XML from a list of triples
      • rdf.pl -- RDF/XML parser
      • sgml_write.pl -- XML/SGML writer module
      • archive.pl -- Access several archive formats
      • csv.pl -- Process CSV (Comma-Separated Values) data
      • dialect.pl -- Support multiple Prolog dialects
      • ssl.pl -- Secure Socket Layer (SSL) library
      • crypto.pl -- Cryptography and authentication library
      • apply_macros.pl -- Goal expansion rules to avoid meta-calling
      • pengines.pl -- Pengines: Web Logic Programming Made Easy
      • yall.pl -- Lambda expressions
      • prolog_code.pl -- Utilities for reasoning about code
      • sandbox.pl -- Sandboxed Prolog code
      • prolog_format.pl -- Analyse format specifications
      • zlib.pl -- Zlib wrapper for SWI-Prolog
      • thread.pl -- High level thread primitives
      • prolog_stack.pl -- Examine the Prolog stack
      • prolog_clause.pl -- Get detailed source-information about a clause
      • rbtrees.pl -- Red black trees
      • dif.pl -- The dif/2 constraint
      • modules.pl -- Module utility predicates
      • listing.pl -- List programs and pretty print clauses
      • system.pl -- System utilities
      • quintus.pl -- Quintus compatibility
      • ansi_term.pl -- Print decorated text to ANSI consoles
      • statistics.pl -- Get information about resource usage
      • terms.pl -- Term manipulation
      • tty.pl -- Terminal operations
      • backcomp.pl -- Backward compatibility
      • redis.pl -- Redis client
      • c14n2.pl -- C14n2 canonical XML documents
      • date.pl -- Process dates and times
      • double_metaphone.pl -- Phonetic string matching
      • snowball.pl -- The Snowball multi-lingual stemmer library
      • unix.pl -- Unix specific operations
      • lazy_lists.pl -- Lazy list handling
      • pengines_io.pl -- Provide Prolog I/O for HTML clients
      • prolog_stream.pl -- A stream with Prolog callbacks
      • random.pl -- Random numbers
      • term_to_json.pl
      • charsio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • optparse.pl -- command line parsing
      • syslog.pl -- Unix syslog interface
      • uid.pl -- User and group management on Unix systems
      • edinburgh.pl -- Some traditional Edinburgh predicates
      • prolog_debug.pl -- User level debugging tools
      • rdf_triple.pl -- Create triples from intermediate representation
      • intercept.pl -- Intercept and signal interface
      • make.pl -- Reload modified source files
      • rdf_parser.pl
      • rewrite_term.pl
      • md5.pl -- MD5 hashes
      • help.pl -- Text based manual
      • files.pl
      • doc_latex.pl -- PlDoc LaTeX backend
      • edit.pl -- Editor interface
      • sort.pl
      • wfs.pl -- Well Founded Semantics interface
      • hashtable.pl -- Hash tables
      • prolog_codewalk.pl -- Prolog code walker
      • prolog_metainference.pl -- Infer meta-predicate properties
      • prolog_autoload.pl -- Autoload all dependencies
      • check.pl -- Consistency checking
      • hash_stream.pl -- Maintain a hash on a stream
      • udp_broadcast.pl -- A UDP broadcast proxy
      • editline.pl -- BSD libedit based command line editing
      • streampool.pl -- Input multiplexing
      • table.pl
      • protobufs.pl -- Google's Protocol Buffers ("protobufs")
      • janus.pl -- Call Python from Prolog
      • redis_streams.pl -- Using Redis streams
      • paxos.pl -- A Replicated Data Store
      • plunit.pl -- Unit Testing
      • readline.pl -- GNU readline interface
      • qsave.pl -- Save current program as a state or executable
      • zip.pl -- Access resource ZIP archives
      • stomp.pl -- STOMP client.
      • cgi.pl -- Read CGI parameters
      • main.pl -- Provide entry point for scripts
      • unicode.pl -- Unicode string handling
      • oset.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • threadutil.pl -- Interactive thread utilities
      • prolog_profile.pl -- Execution profiler
      • test_cover.pl -- Clause coverage analysis
      • prolog_breakpoints.pl -- Manage Prolog break-points
      • mqi.pl
      • isub.pl -- isub: a string similarity measure
        • isub/4
      • when.pl -- Conditional coroutining
      • portray_text.pl -- Portray text
      • increval.pl -- Incremental dynamic predicate modification
      • tables.pl -- XSB interface to tables
      • rlimit.pl
      • writef.pl -- Old-style formatted write
      • prolog_jiti.pl -- Just In Time Indexing (JITI) utilities
      • explain.pl -- Describe Prolog Terms
      • prolog_trace.pl -- Print access to predicates
      • chr.pl
      • pwp.pl -- Prolog Well-formed Pages
      • heaps.pl -- heaps/priority queues
      • macros.pl -- Macro expansion
      • yaml.pl -- Process YAML data
      • dicts.pl -- Dict utilities
      • prolog_wrap.pl -- Wrapping predicates
      • varnumbers.pl -- Utilities for numbered terms
      • fastrw.pl -- Fast reading and writing of terms
      • xmlenc.pl -- XML encryption library
      • rwlocks.pl -- Read/write locks
      • doc_files.pl -- Create stand-alone documentation files
      • xmldsig.pl -- XML Digital signature
      • strings.pl -- String utilities
      • shell.pl -- Elementary shell commands
      • streams.pl -- Manage Prolog streams
      • codesio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • prolog_history.pl -- Per-directory persistent commandline history
      • base32.pl -- Base32 encoding and decoding
 isub(+Text1:text, +Text2:text, -Similarity:float, +Options:list) is det
Similarity is a measure of the similarity/dissimilarity between Text1 and Text2. E.g.
?- isub('E56.Language', 'languange', D, [normalize(true)]).
D = 0.4226950354609929.                       % [-1,1] range

?- isub('E56.Language', 'languange', D, [normalize(true),zero_to_one(true)]).
D = 0.7113475177304964.                       % [0,1] range

?- isub('E56.Language', 'languange', D, []).  % without normalization
D = 0.19047619047619047.                      % [-1,1] range

?- isub(aa, aa, D, []).  % does not work for short substrings
D = -0.8.

?- isub(aa, aa, D, [substring_threshold(0)]). % works with short substrings
D = 1.0.                                      % but may give unwanted values
                                              % between e.g. 'store' and 'spore'.

?- isub(joe, hoe, D, [substring_threshold(0)]).
D = 0.5315315315315314.

?- isub(joe, hoe, D, []).
D = -1.0.

This is a new version of isub/4 which replaces the old version while providing backwards compatibility. This new version allows several options to tweak the algorithm.

Arguments:
Text1- and Text2 are either an atom, string or a list of characters or character codes.
Similarity- is a float in the range [-1,1.0], where 1.0 means most similar. The range can be set to [0,1] with the zero_to_one option described below.
Options- is a list with elements described below. Please note that the options are processed at compile time using goal_expansion to provide much better speed. Supported options are:
normalize(+Boolean)
Applies string normalization as implemented by the original authors: Text1 and Text2 are mapped to lowercase and the characters "._ " are removed. Lowercase mapping is done with the C-library function towlower(). In general, the required normalization is domain dependent and is better left to the caller. See e.g., unaccent_atom/2. The default is to skip normalization (false).
zero_to_one(+Boolean)
The old isub implementation deviated from the original algorithm by returning a value in the [0,1] range. This new isub/4 implementation defaults to the original range of [-1,1], but this option can be set to true to set the output range to [0,1].
substring_threshold(+Nonneg)
The original algorithm was meant to compare terms in semantic web ontologies, and it had a hard coded parameter that only considered substring similarities greater than 2 characters. This caused the similarity between, for example 'aa' and 'aa' to return -0.8 which is not expected. This option allows the user to set any threshold, such as 0, so that the similatiry between short substrings can be properly recognized. The default value is 2 which is what the original algorithm used.
ClioPatria (version V3.1.1-48-gf653ce4)